• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A forage harvester (22) for a forage harvester (10) is provided with a rotatable shaft (60) to which are connected a number of knife holders (62, 64) distributed around the circumference of the shaft (60) at which chopping blades (56 , 58) are attached. A number of parts of the knife holder (64) is movably mounted relative to the shaft (60) and adjustable between an operating position and an inoperative position of the chopper blade (56) attached thereto.
    公开号:BE1024945B1
    申请号:E2017/0103
    申请日:2017-07-11
    公开日:2018-08-28
    发明作者:Clemens Weitenberg
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (30) Priority information:
    09/08/2016 DE 102016214758.7 (73) Owner:
    DEERE & COMPANY IL 61265, MOLINE United States (72) Inventor:
    WEITENBERG Clemens 46325 BORKEN Germany (54) Chopper drum for a forage harvester with knife holders that can be adjusted to a non-operational position (57) A chopper drum (22) for a forage harvester (10) is equipped with a rotatable shaft (60), with which a number by Distributed knife holder (62, 64) are connected to the circumference of the shaft (60), to which chopper knives (56, 58) are attached. A number of the knife holders (64) can be moved relative to the shaft (60) and can be adjusted between an operating position and a non-operating position of the chopper knives (56) attached to them.
    SEE
    Fig. 2
    BELGIAN INVENTION PATENT
    FÖD Wirtschaft, K.M.B., Mittelstand & publication number: 1024945 Energy filing number: BE2017 / 0103
    Office of Intellectual Property Boarding. Classification: A01F 29/09
    Issued on: 08/28/2018
    The Minister for Enterprise
    Due to the Paris Treaty of March 20, 1883 for the protection of industrial property;
    Introduced under the Act of March 28, 1984 on Inventive Patents, Article 22, for applications prior to September 22, 2014;
    Based on Title I “Invention Patents” of Book XI of the Economic Code, Article XI.24, introduced for applications from September 22, 2014;
    Based on the royal decree of December 2, 1986 on the registration, granting and maintenance of patents for invention, Article 28;
    Based on the protocol taken on 11/07/2017 at the Intellectual Property Office.
    Considering that for patent applications that fall within the scope of Title 1, Book XI, of the Economic Code, in accordance with Article XI.19, Section 4, second paragraph, of the Economic Code, if the patent application is the subject of a search report in which a lack of unity of invention within the meaning of paragraph 1 is mentioned, and if the applicant does not limit his application and does not file a divisional application in accordance with the search report, the granted patent will be limited to the claims for which the search report was created.
    DECIDES:
    Article 1. - An invention patent is granted to:
    DEERE & COMPANY, One John Deere Place, IL 61265 MOLINE United States;
    represented by :
    CABINET BEDE, Boulevard General Wahis 15, 1030, BRUXELLES;
    OVERATH Philippe, Boulevard General Wahis 15, 1030, BRUXELLES;
    POWIS de TENBOSSCHE Roland, Boulevard General Wahis 15, 1030, BRUXELLES;
    for a period of 20 years, subject to the payment of the annual patent fees mentioned in Article XI.48, §1 of the Economic Code, for: chopper drum for a forage harvester with knife holders that can be adjusted to a non-operational position.
    INVENTOR:
    WEITENBERG Clemens, Krückling 44, 46325, BORKEN;
    PRIORITIES) :
    09/08/2016 DE 102016214758.7;
    SEPARATION:
    Partial application of the previous application: Date of filing of the previous application:
    Article 2. - This patent is granted without any prior examination of the patentability of the invention, without guaranteeing the merit of the invention or the accuracy of its description, and at the own risk of the patent applicant (s).
    Brussels, 28/08/2018, in special representation:
    BE2017 / 0103
    Chopper drum for a forage harvester with knife holders that can be adjusted to a non-operational position
    description
    The invention relates to a chopper drum for a forage harvester, with a rotatable shaft, to which a number of knife holders distributed around the circumference of the shaft are connected, to which chopper knives are attached.
    Technological background
    Forage harvesters are used to harvest plants from a field that are picked up or cut off during the harvesting process, chopped and transferred to a transport vehicle. The chopped plants usually serve as feed for animals or are used in biogas plants. For cutting, the plants picked up by a header are pre-compacted by pairs of pre-press rollers and fed to a rotating chopper drum, around the circumference of which a number of chopper knives are distributed. The respective cutting length of the chopped material is determined by the speed of the pre-pressing rollers and their diameter, as well as by the distance between adjacent chopper knives and the speed of the chopper drum. The chopper drum is usually driven by an internal combustion engine of the forage harvester via a purely mechanical drive train with a fixed gear ratio and thus at a constant, fixed speed, while the pre-pressing rollers are driven at variable speeds by mechanical gearboxes or hydrostatic drives.
    Depending on the intended use of the crop, different chop lengths are desirable. Biogas plants generally require crops that are cut relatively short (e.g. 4 mm), and when feeding cattle, relatively long cutting lengths (in the order of magnitude of a few 10 mm) are often required. Such
    Differences in cutting length with a pure change in the state of the art, only the speeds of the pre-pressing rollers for variation of the cutting length for larger cutting lengths, often result in the crop being literally torn out of the crop header by the pre-pressing rollers, since the crop is pre-pressed by the pre-pressing rollers - to achieve the large cutting length - is driven relatively quickly. To solve this problem, it is known to reduce the speed of the chopper drum by driving it via an adjustable hydrostatic transmission (DE 196 32 977.A1) or by changing every second
    BE2017 / 0103
    Expanding chopper knife (DE 2 220 826 A). The first solution is technically very complex and the second solution requires a lot of working time.
    EP 1 407 655 A1 describes a chopper drum with adjustable chopper knives, but the adjustment is only used to adapt the cutting angle of the chopper knives to the particular crop type and all chopper knives remain in engagement with the crop material regardless of their position. This chopper drum cannot solve the mentioned problem of adjusting the speed and thus the cutting frequency of the chopper drum to the desired cutting length.
    task
    The object on which the invention is based is seen in proposing a chopper drum for a forage harvester which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above or has them to a reduced extent.
    invention
    The present invention is defined by the claims.
    A chopper drum for a forage harvester has a shaft that can be coupled to a drive and is rotatable, to which a number of knife holders distributed around the circumference of the shaft are connected, to which chopper knives are fastened. A part number of the knife holder (in particular every second knife holder, viewed in the circumferential direction) is movably mounted with respect to the shaft and adjustable between an operating position and a non-operating position of the chopping knives attached to it. In this way, the number of chopping knives in engagement with the crop (and thus the cutting frequency) can be adapted relatively quickly and with little effort to the desired cutting length.
    As already noted, the adjustable knife holders are preferably arranged alternately with rigid knife holders in the circumferential direction. Every second knife can thus be brought into the inoperative position to double the cutting length. However, in order to evenly wear the chopper knives, one could make all knife holders adjustable so that all chopper knives can alternately be brought into a non-operational position.
    BE2017 / 0103
    The knife holders can be attached in a manner known per se to a drum casing coupled to the shaft. However, an open chopper drum with radially extending support disks on which the knife holders are attached on the outside can also be used, in which there is no drum casing.
    The adjustable knife holders can be pivoted relative to the shaft about an axis extending parallel to the shaft axis and / or can be displaceably mounted in (at least approximately or exactly) the radial direction.
    In order to accelerate the adaptation of the chopper drum to the desired cutting length, the adjustable knife holders can be coupled to a common adjusting element. By moving or adjusting this common adjustment element, all adjustable knife holders and the chopping knives coupled to them can be moved together between the operating and non-operating position.
    For this purpose, the adjustable knife holder (or an adjustable shaft of the adjustable knife holder, which is rigidly connected to the chopping knife and is rotatably mounted on the chopping drum about an axis parallel to the axis of the shaft), can be rigidly connected to a lever which extends radially inwards at one end of the chopping drum be coupled via a slot connection to the adjusting element which is rotatably mounted about the axis of the shaft and which can be fixed in the operating position and the non-operating division relative to the shaft. The lever, and with it the adjustable knife holder, is thus pivoted between the operating and non-operating positions by a rotary movement of the adjusting element.
    Preferably, a (fine) adjustment option is provided for the adjustable knife holders in the operating position of the chopper knives so that their position can be adapted to the wear that has occurred on the fixed chopper knives while the other chopper knives were in the non-operating position. In this case, the position of the adjustable knives can be measured at a reference point which is at a defined distance from the enveloping circle of the fixed chopper knives. Such a reference point can lie, for example, on a shear bar and the distance can be detected and displayed in particular by means of a sensor assigned to it for detecting the distance between the chopping knives and the shear bar. By a screw with a fine thread or similar the adjustment element can be set in the operating position by an operator based on the display in such a way that the enveloping circles of the fixed and adjustable chopping knives match, or this adjustment takes place automatically
    BE2017 / 0103 using a controller and an actuator instead.
    Execution example
    Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained on the basis of the figures, the reference symbols not being used to restrict the interpretation of the claims. Show it:
    1 is a forage harvester with a chopper drum in side view and in a schematic representation,
    2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the chopper drum, with all chopper knives in a cutting operating position,
    Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the chopper drum of Figure 3, with only half of the chopper knives in the operating position, and
    Fig. 4 is a partial side view of a second embodiment of a chopper drum.
    The self-propelled forage harvester 0 shown in FIG. 1 is built on a frame 12 which is carried by driven front wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18, from which an crop picking device 20 can be seen. By means of the material receiving device 20, goods picked up from the ground, e.g. B. corn, grass or the like is fed in the harvesting operation by arranged in a feed housing 36 pre-pressing rollers 30, 32 of a chopper drum 22, which chops it into small pieces and gives it to a post-accelerator 24. The material leaves the harvesting machine 10 to a trailer traveling alongside via a height-adjustable discharge chute 26 which can be rotated about the vertical axis. Between the chopper drum 22 and the conveyor device 24 (during the harvesting of maize) a post-shredding device with rollers 28, 28 'extends through which the material to be conveyed is fed tangentially to the post-accelerator 24.
    The chopper drum 22 has a number of knives 56, 58 distributed over its circumference (cf. FIGS. 2 and 3), which, in cooperation with a rigid shear bar 46, cut up the crops picked up by the crop receiving device 20 during the harvesting operation. A grinding device 42 serves for grinding the chopping knives 56, 58 if necessary.
    Reference is now made to FIG. 2. The chopper drum 22 includes a central shaft 60
    BE2017 / 0103 which can be driven in rotation by a motor of the harvesting machine 10 via a belt pulley and belt (not shown) and is supported on the frame 12 of the harvesting machine 10 by two bearings (not shown in FIG. 2) arranged on both sides of the chopper drum 22. The shaft 60 can be continuous or consist of two shaft ends. The shaft 60 is connected to a jacket 54 via support disks 50, around the circumference of which alternatingly rigid knife holders 62 with chop knives 58 attached thereto and adjustable knife holders 64 with chop knives 56 attached are distributed. Only a single chopping knife 56, 58 can be provided in the axial direction, or several chopping knives 56, 58 follow one another.
    The rigid knife holders 62 are approximately triangular or any other cross section and welded to the jacket 54. The chopper knives 58 are screwed onto the rigid knife holders 62 and can be replaced if necessary.
    The adjustable knife holders 64 include bearings 78 which are also welded to the jacket 54. The adjustable chopping knives 56 are screwed to brackets which are rigidly coupled to adjusting shafts 66. The chopper knives 56 can therefore also be replaced if necessary. The adjusting shafts 66 extend axially and parallel to the shaft 60 and are freely rotatably supported on the bearings 78 about their longitudinal axes. The adjusting shafts 66 are rigidly connected at their ends shown on the left in FIGS. 2 and 3 with levers 68 which extend approximately radially inwards and are provided with elongated holes 74 near their inner ends. Cylindrical pins 72 engage in the elongated holes 74 and are firmly connected to a plate-shaped, round adjusting element 70. The adjusting element 70 is concentric to the shaft 60 relative to the support disk 50, on the outside of which it also extends radially and rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 60, and can be locked in the respective rotational position, for which purpose, for example, a screw penetrating an elongated hole 76 in the adjusting element 70 can rest their head on the adjusting element 70 and can engage with their thread in a thread in the support disk 50. In a more sophisticated embodiment, an actuator (not shown), which is actuated in particular electrically or hydraulically, can also be used to adjust the adjusting element 70 and can be controlled by means of a controller 52 via an operator interface 98. The supply of the operating medium to the actuator and a return of a sensor value with regard to the current position of the adjusting element 70 can take place via sliding contacts attached to the front of the chopping drum 22 or engaging there.
    As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the adjusting element 70 makes it possible for everyone
    BE2017 / 0103
    Chopping knife 56 of the adjustable knife holder 64 together to rotate the adjusting shafts 66 and to rotate between the operating position shown in FIG. 2 and the non-operating position shown in FIG. 3. In the operating position, all chopping knives 56, 58 are in engagement with the crop and cut it small. In the inoperative position, only the chopper knives 58 of the stationary knife holder 62 are in engagement with the crop and cut it small, i.e. the number of effective chopper knives 58 was halved and the cutting length was doubled, while the chopper knives 56 attached to the adjustable knife holders 64 did not noticeably cut the crop, but at most conveyed it further.
    After the chopper drum 22 has been operated for a long time with the adjustable chopper knives 56 that are in the non-operating position, the stamper chopper knives 58 may have become somewhat worn out, in particular after only the rigid chopper knives 56 after a grinding process carried out by means of the grinding device 42 To ensure the enveloping circle of all chopping knives 56, 58, the (manual or automatic) adjustment of the adjusting element 70 into the operating position can take place on the basis of a distance sensor (not shown) assigned to the shear bar 46, which is based on any (e.g. inductive, acoustic or optical) measuring principle can be based.
    In the second embodiment according to FIG. 4, elements that are identical or have the same effect as the first embodiment are identified by the same reference numerals. The essential difference lies in the fact that the chopping knives 56 of the adjustable knife carrier 64, which are mounted so as to be adjustable between the operating and non-operating positions, are not pivoted, as in the first embodiment, but are shifted inward from the operating position in the radial direction into the non-operating position. For this purpose, the chopper knives 56 are fastened to a displacement element 66 ′, which is supported so as to be displaceable in the radial direction in relation to bearings 78 welded or otherwise fastened to the casing 54, e.g. with pins 80 guided in an elongated hole in the bearing 78 or the sliding element 66 with projecting heads. The adjustment also takes place via an adjustment element 70, which is coupled to the displacement element 66 ′ and the adjustment element 70 by levers 68 pivotally coupled on both sides.
    In this embodiment, it is to be regarded as advantageous that the cutting forces (exerted tangentially on the chopping knives 56) are not derived via the lever 68, but rather are transferred to the casing 54 via the displacement element 66 'and the bearing 78
    BE2017 / 0103, while the levers 68 only serve to adjust the chopping knives 56 and do not have to absorb any cutting forces. In addition, the exact setting of the adjustment element 70 and thus the displacement element 66 ′ is less critical, since one or both of them (or an element connected thereto, such as the pin 80) in the operating position against a stop 82 on the bearing 78 or the support disk 50 can be driven. In this position, the chopper knives 56 and 58 can then be correctly positioned in the tangential direction relative to the shear bar 46 or another reference point and screwed onto the knife holders 62 or the displacement element 66 '. Meanwhile. Wear of the non-adjustable chopper knives 58 when the adjustable chopper knives 56 are in the non-operating position influences the position of the envelope curve of the chopper knives 58 only insignificantly owing to the approximately tangential orientation of the chopper knives 58 (and 56) and can be compensated for if necessary by a grinding process using the grinding device 42.
    BE2017 / 0103
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    Claims
    1. chopper drum (22) for a forage harvester (10), with a rotatable shaft (60) with which a number of knife holders (62, 64) distributed around the circumference of the shaft (60) are connected, on which chopper knives (56 , 58) are fastened, characterized in that a part number of the knife holders (64) is movably mounted with respect to the shaft (60) and is adjustable between an operating position and a non-operating position of the chopping knives (56) fastened thereon.
    [2]
    2. chopper drum (22) according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable knife holder (64) are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction with rigid knife holders (62).
    [3]
    3. chopper drum (22) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the knife holder (62,64) are attached to a drum jacket (54) coupled to the shaft (60).
    [4]
    4. chopper drum (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adjustable knife holder (64) are pivotally or slidably mounted.
    [5]
    5. chopper drum (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adjustable knife holder (64) are coupled to a common adjusting element (70).
    [6]
    6. chopper drum (22) according to claim 5, wherein with the chopper knife (56) rigidly connected adjusting shaft (66) of the adjustable knife holder (64) rigidly with a radially inwardly extending lever (68) at one end of the chopper drum (22) is connected, which is coupled via a slot connection (72, 74) to the adjusting element (70) which is rotatably mounted about the shaft (60) and which can be fixed relative to the shaft (60) in the operating position and the non-operating position.
    [7]
    7. chopper drum (22) according to any one of the preceding claims, with an adjustment option for the adjustable knife holder (64) in the operating position of the chopper knife (56) in order to adapt to the wear that has occurred on the fixed chopper knife (54), while the adjustable Chopper knives (56) were in the non-operating position.
    [8]
    8. Self-propelled or towed forage harvester (10) with a chopper drum (22) according to one of claims 1 to 7.
    BE2017 / 0103
    BE2017 / 0103
    56 78
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1932416A1|2008-06-18|Device comprising a first and a second work unit
    DE2034579B2|1980-09-25|Device for sharpening knives arranged in a cutting field chopper
    DE102017207337A1|2018-01-25|Mulching device for processing plant stumps standing on a field
    EP2332404A1|2011-06-15|Shredding drum for a chaff cutter
    EP1174021B1|2005-03-16|Sharpening device
    DE102007015101A1|2008-10-02|Gutaufnehmer with a dependent on the direction of rotation position of the tine carrier
    BE1024945B1|2018-08-28|Chopper drum for a forage harvester with knife holders adjustable into an inoperative position
    DE2425372C3|1979-04-12|Chopper Deere & Co, Moline, 111. |, Deere & Co. European Office, 6800 Mannheim
    BE1024973B1|2018-09-05|Drive arrangement for variable-speed drive of a equipped with two conditioning rollers conditioning a forage harvester
    DE3011089A1|1980-10-23|FIELD CHOPPER
    EP0135724B1|1986-12-10|Multirow-harvester, especially for maize
    BE1025031B1|2018-10-08|Arrangement for detecting the degree of wear of chopping blades of a chopper drum of a forage harvester
    EP1864567B1|2009-06-03|Pick-up
    DE2447044C2|1986-02-20|Forage harvester
    DE102009046821B4|2015-12-24|Arrangement for the automatic recognition of the transmission ratio of a drive train for a working member and / or the number of active movable elements of a working member of an agricultural harvesting machine
    EP1034696B1|2002-06-26|Grinding apparatus
    DE202015106946U1|2016-01-26|Tillage device
    DE102012201334A1|2013-08-01|Chaff arrangement for chaff-cutter for cutting crops such as corn, has counter blade that is extended parallelly with respect to axial direction of cutter head and arranged complementarily with respect to envelope of cutter head
    DE102007062455A1|2009-06-25|Machine for harvesting stalk-like plants
    EP2792232B1|2017-05-24|Gathering device for shredder for cutting material
    DE102007035791B3|2009-03-26|Mowing and collecting device for stalk-like plants harvesting machine, has holder with straight edge that together with scraper closes narrow gap such that undesired accumulation of residues of harvested plant are removed by scraper
    DE2416239C3|1980-08-07|Device for removing feed from a silo lying on the floor
    DE102014221465A1|2016-04-28|grinding device
    DE202006019070U1|2007-05-16|Agricultural device for attaching to an agricultural vehicle comprises an adjusting unit for linearly translating the working units
    EP1129610A1|2001-09-05|Corn gathering and picking device for a harvesting machine
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1024945A1|2018-08-21|
    DE102016214758A1|2018-02-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2220826A1|1971-04-29|1972-11-09|Sperry Rand Corp|Knife drum for field harvester|
    DE19522056A1|1995-06-17|1996-12-19|Fortschritt Erntemaschinen|Chopper drum with enclosed casing for rotary body|
    EP2792230A1|2013-04-17|2014-10-22|AGCO International GmbH|Cutting drum for agricultural machine|
    DE102013011088A1|2013-07-03|2015-01-08|Deere & Company|Knife for a forage harvester and eccentric tool for position adjustment|
    DE19632977B4|1996-08-16|2009-04-02|Claas Kgaa Mbh|Device and method for intake control of a forage harvester|
    DE10246645A1|2002-10-07|2004-04-29|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Device for setting the cutting edge angle of movable knives on comminution devices|CN109845499B|2019-01-02|2020-12-15|石家庄益德机械制造有限公司|Novel crop pulverizer|
    CN110149890B|2019-07-02|2020-10-30|塔里木大学|Orchard green manure is smashed still field machine and is smashed head and still field machine|
    法律状态:
    2018-10-25| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20180828 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102016214758.7|2016-08-09|
    DE102016214758.7A|DE102016214758A1|2016-08-09|2016-08-09|Chopper drum for a forage harvester with knife holders adjustable into an inoperative position|
    [返回顶部]